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Nag Hammadi massacre
The Nag Hammadi massacre was a massacre of Coptic Christians carried out on the eve of 7 January 2010, in the Egyptian city of Nag Hammadi. The massacre occurred at the hands of Muslim gunmen in front of the Nag Hammadi cathedral, as Coptic Christians were leaving the church after celebrating the midnight Christmas mass according to the Coptic calendar. The massacre resulted in the murder of seven Copts and one Muslim bystander.〔(Al-Ahram newspaper mentions that the sole Muslim victim was killed at the outskirts of the city while riding a taxi with some of his Christian friends "قتل أيمن المسلم بجوار رفيق المسيحي في سيارة تاكسي علي حدود المدينة. المصادفة قادت رفيق ومينا إلي سيارة أجرة, يقودها أسامة محمد عبد اللطيف' أمين شرطة بمركز نجع حمادي يعمل علي تحسين أحواله المعيشية, فمرتبات الحكومة هزيلة لا تسمن ولا تغني من جوع..ثم تقابلا مع سامح صلاح شقيق سوزان, وأيمن حامد هاشم, وأخذوا التاكسي يتجولون به ليلة العيد. عاد من شغله في السابعة مساء, ثم اغتسل وخرج..وقابل رفيق في العاشرة..وماتا معا برصاصات بلطجي لا يعرف ربنا!" )〕〔(El Fagr newspaper stated that the Muslim victim, who was also the guard of the church, was not on duty when he was killed. He had finished his duty at 7:00pm, gone home to change, then went out with some of his Christian friends "لم يكن المجند أيمن حامد الحارس المسلم لكنيسة نجع حمادي والذي قتل برصاص الكموني ورفاقه في ساعة عمل، كان قد أنهي ورديته في الحراسة الساعة السابعة مساء ليلة العيد، وخرج مع بعض أصدقائه الأقباط - من الطبيعي أن يصاحب شبابا قبطيا فهو حارس كنيستهم - قضي ساعة مع أصدقائه في بهجورة، ثم عاد إلي نجع حمادي لينتظر أصدقاءه حتي يخرجوا من قداس العيد ليكملوا سهرتهم." )〕 Nine other Copts were confirmed to be wounded, and two Muslims were reportedly wounded in the attack.〔
The Nag Hammadi massacre gained widespread international attention, and was condemned by Pope Benedict XVI,〔(Pope condemns murder of Coptic Christians in Egypt ), (AFP) – 10 Jan 2010〕 Lebanese MP Nadim Gemayel, Italian foreign minister Franco Frattini,〔()〕 and Canadian foreign minister Lawrence Cannon. The attacks were one of the most serious outbreaks of anti-Christian violence in Egypt, and the worst since the murder of 21 Coptic Christians in Kosheh in January 2000.
==Background==
Coptic Christians form the largest religious minority in the Egypt, and represent between 15% and 20% of a population of over 80 million Egyptians. "Estimates of the size of Egypt's Christian population vary from the low government figures of 6 to 7 million to the 15 to 19 million reported by Christian leaders.〔Ibrahim, Youssef M. "(Muslims' Fury Falls on Egypt's Christians )". ''The New York Times'', 15 March 1993. Retrieved 10 October 2008.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Egypt from "U.S. Department of State/Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs" )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Egypt from "Foreign and Commonwealth Office" )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Egypt Religions & Peoples from "LOOKLEX Encyclopedia" )〕 though estimates vary (see Religion in Egypt). The Coptic community has been targeted by terrorism throughout the past by Islamic extrimists, and has been facing varying degrees of discriminatory government policies, such as restrictions on building churches and a school curriculum focused on Islam.〔 Since the 1970s, the rise of Islamist movements in Egypt was coupled with sectarian violence. Disputes over land and inter-faith relationships have sometimes split communities along religious lines. Local authorities' handling of such cases has been criticized by civil rights groups. Police are accused of delaying their response to reports of fighting and then simply arresting more numbers of Christians than Muslims. Sometimes criminal investigations are dropped in favor of informal reconciliation meetings.〔(Egypt's anxious Copts 'await next catastrophe' ), BBC〕 Other forms of anti-Christian discrimination in Egypt include discrimination in hiring in the public sector and staff appointments to public universities, prohibition from studying at Al-Azhar University (a publicly funded institution with approximately half a million students), and barring from certain jobs such as Arabic language teachers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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